A Theory Of Mind And The Development Of Socially Competent...

In addition, Whitbread et al believed pretend play involved skills that are associated with â€Å"developing a theory of mind† and the development of socially competent behaviour. Piaget 1662 view supports this as he states ‘One of the purest forms of symbolic thought available to young children, dramatic play contributes strongly to their intellectual development’. It can be seen that pretend play therefore builds upon cognition, preparing children mentally, acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought. Furthermore, Whitbread et al explained this as â€Å"understand the moods, emotions.. and perspectives of other people† and Robson 2006:76 also said â€Å"in their pretend play they often include reference to thinking and mental states, and children experienced in such talk are more mature in their later ability to mind read. From this compelling research it shows that pretend play encourages a child to think and learn about emotions and social skills. Woods, 2007 believed children whom have well-developed imaginary skills tend to be well liked by peers and to be seen as leaders. This is a result of their advanced communication skills, their greater capability to take the point of others and their ability to reason through social situations. Fernyhough and Fradley (2005) conducted a study investigating the relationship between language and play on one hundred and twenty children aged eighteen months old. Their study showed that children who had played symbolically exhibited aShow MoreRel atedThe Theory And The Psychoanalytic Theory1475 Words   |  6 Pageswide array of concepts, there are many competitive theories battling to explain these dynamic ideas. Of these theories, is the unorthodox Psychoanalytic theory, developed by the Sigmund Freud, and the Humanistic theory, advanced by Abraham Maslow. The psychoanalytic theory was first devised in 1886, and was used to explain behaviours in terms of their interaction with the various components of personality. In the beginning, Freud divided the human mind into the three parts; the conscious – the part thatRead MorePsychology and the Nature of Humanity1227 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction. The American Psychologist Association (APA) defines psychology as ‘the study of the mind and behaviour . The discipline embraces all aspects of the human experience — from the functions of the brain to the actions of nations, from child development to care for the aged. ‘(Association, 2014). With such an extensive definition, it is not overly surprising that its scientific kudos has been used to propagate political dogma, including abominable beliefs such as the innate inferiorityRead MoreChildhood Development And Childhood Stages1633 Words   |  7 PagesChildhood, is a period characterised by significant cognitive, emotional, social and biological development. This discussion will consider the significant aspects of childhood development and experiences that contribute to children’s longer-term well-being, however, its primary focus will be socio-emotional development. Longer-term well-being refers to physical, social and emotional health over a contin uous period of time. However, it is important to consider that this a relatively broad definitionRead MoreHuman Nature And Cultural Competent Care2376 Words   |  10 PagesAbstract This paper intends to determine whether or not culture is an essential part of human being and highlight the necessity of cultural competent care in health care. There has been many literature reviewed on cultural significance in human nature and cultural competent care, however we will discuss some models and theories to fulfil our objectives. We claim that, culture is an important aspect of human caring, thus human and culture has an inseparable bond. Culture is the unique set of rulesRead MoreEvaluate the Extent to Which Freuds Theory of Psychosexual Development Can Help Us to Understand a Clients Presenting Issues2632 Words   |  11 Pagesextent to which Freud’s theory of psychosexual development can help us to understand a client’s presenting issues Introduction Freud’s approach to understanding human behaviour – psychoanalysis – has had a profound effect on psychology. His approach is one of many that share some common assumptions, while differing fundamentally in others. Contemporaries of Freud, such as Jung and Adler were inspired by Freudian theory, but emphasised different issues in human development and experience. CollectivelyRead MoreThe Theory Of Mind ( Tom )1987 Words   |  8 Pages Theory of mind (ToM) is the ability to differentiate one’s own mental state from others and therefore, influence the behaviour accordingly. Mental states comprise of the individual’s desires, beliefs and intentions. ToM is considered to be a milestone in psychosocial development as pre-schoolers at the age of 4 or 5 tend to be able to recognise that not everyone perceive the same reality as they do (Wellman, Cross Watson, 2001). This is known as false-belief and is an important skill in comprehendingRead MorePsychology and Impact Personality Development1997 Words   |  8 Pages1. Define personality. 2. Analyze how biological, situational and mental processes impact personality development. 3. Discuss social and cultural contributions to personality development. 4. Describe the major dispositional theories of personality. 5. Describe the major process theories of personality. 6. Evaluate the major personality theories. 7. Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of commonly used personality assessment techniques, validity, reliability. Define personality. Personality Read MorePsychology and Impact Personality Development2008 Words   |  9 Pages1. Define personality. 2. Analyze how biological, situational and mental processes impact personality development. 3. Discuss social and cultural contributions to personality development. 4. Describe the major dispositional theories of personality. 5. Describe the major process theories of personality. 6. Evaluate the major personality theories. 7. Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of commonly used personality assessment techniques, validity, reliability. Define personality. Personality *Read MoreThe Social-Emotional Aspects of Teaching and Learning 2488 Words   |  10 PagesThis essay aims to critically evaluate, compare, contrast and criticize, and integrate theories, strategies and skills from the Humanist, Psychodynamic and Behaviourist perspective. This essay will discuss Maslow, Rogers’, Freudian and Skinner’s approaches to understand how counselling theories may be used by teachers and other staff for supporting children and young people in terms of their social and emotional well-being within the educational context, and the factors that influence their use.Read MoreSociological Knowledge in Nursing Essays1301 Words   |  6 Pageswhole in preserving, attaining and improving best possible health and functioning (Kozier, et al., 2010 pp. 8-9). Sociological knowledge plays a dynamic and elementary role within nursing profession. Besides medical knowledge a nurse needs to be socially aware of a client’s social values. In today’ s society, nursing goes further than focusing on health related problems to incorporate a much wider definition of both unhealthiness and individuality in our society. Sociology provides us with the information

Public Space And Why Is It Important - 1466 Words

What is public space and why is it important? Public space is the physical landscape of the public realm that fosters social interaction and communal life in a city. A city is a combination of public and private spaces that are are defined by each other and have overlapping economic, social, cultural and political dimensions. Public space, as a term and as a concept in design, is ambiguous. What constitutes a public space, what role it plays, and how design should approach and deal with it is a widely debated topic in the realm of design. These public spaces historically acted as the common ground for communities; a political, social and cultural arena to foster community cohesion. In terms of city cohesion, Kevin Lynch, an American urban planner and author, argues that public spaces, apart from giving form and expression to cities, can be nodes and landmarks that make cities more legible. In his research, Kevin Lynch found that although every person has a different mental image of a city, related to their personal experience, the overlap of these individual images does form a public image. It is the places between the built fabric, these nodes and landmarks, that are what make cities memorable and create impressions on those who experience them. Contemporary perception of public space now resembles a multitude of non-traditional sites, i.e. not traditional squares, that hold a variety of programs. The quality and quantity of a public space network in a city contributesShow MoreRelatedSecurity Cameras And Public Space1723 Words   |  7 Pagescontroversial topic when it comes to a public space. Some feel it is a necessary part of our culture while others see it as an invasion on their privacy while interacting within a public space. Security Cameras have become an important crime prevention and security measure within public spaces. Public space is defined as â€Å"all areas that are open and accessible to all members of the public in a society† (Orum Neal, 2010). This definition of public space helps to grasp why security cameras may be presentRead MoreGraffiti War1157 Words   |  5 Pagesgraffiti is seen as a threat to social disorder and suggests that communities festered with graffiti are â€Å"out of control † (Chronopoulous 2011, pg. 77-78). This is as a result of authorities seeing the act of graffiti writing as a domination of public spaces by Blacks and Latinos. Not to mention, they also consider graffiti artists as criminals, disturbed, insignificant, insecure, cowards, and socially maladjusted; which are labels that are also negatively associated with Blacks and Latinos (ChronopoulosRead MorePublic Money Should Cut Down Expenses For Space Exploration847 Words   |  4 PagesPublic money should be spent wisely and with regard to the interests of taxpayers. If the developed technologies will be used in the futrue to earn money for private companies and not citizens, then its research should be financed with private funds. A private investor uses financial resources much more efficiently and achieve better results. Proof of this is the activity of Space X, belonging to billionaire Elon Musk. This company is very active in the field of space flight and space explorationRead Mor e A Sociological Analysis of Ron Howards Apollo 13 Essay1747 Words   |  7 Pagesin time, to the late 1960’s and early 70’s, when America’s NASA space program was thriving and the world stood aside to see who would reach the moon first. The impacts of space program are still evident to this day. It is even said that by beating the Russians to the moon, we established ourselves are the top power in the world and propelled ourselves to the status we hold today. While today our space program flounders in the public eye, this movie illustrates a time when NASA’s successes and failuresRead MoreFor Thousands Of Years Humanity Has Looked To The Stars1549 Words   |  7 Pagesdarkness. There is a lot that scientists know about space, however there is much more that is not known to the human race. NASA, the number one space program of the USA, lacks the funds to further investigate the ultimate frontier. Throughout humanity’s exploration of space, many d angers have been discovered that lurk within the dark vastness of space. Things like radiation and extreme temperatures threaten astronauts’ lives when performing extensive space travel missions, leading to primary reliance onRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of President Reagan s Address1621 Words   |  7 PagesAddress to the Nation about the Explosion of the Space Shuttle Challenger Perhaps no greater tragedy defines the American Race for Space than the explosion of the Space Shuttle Challenger before millions of Americans as they watched on live TV in 1986. Building on two decades of successful space exploration kicked off by President Kennedy before his death, by the early eighties the American culture both believed that it was our right to fly into space and that no one did it better than we did. NASARead MoreThe Red Planet And Space Travel Essay1296 Words   |  6 PagesHumans have been studying space for over two thousand years; whether it be for naming stars, looking for and creating constellations, studying the moon and its phases, studying other planets in our solar system; the list goes on. Humans are always interested in space and the many mysteries with it. Humans love learning more about space so we sent humans to our own moon to help understand more about space. Yet we had plans to get to Mars four years before we even landed on the moon. How did w e haveRead MoreOrder Of The Public Realm1214 Words   |  5 Pages1 Order In The Public Realm Isaiah Navies Plan 749 Urban Planning, Exam 1, Kansas City Design Center September 30, 2016 2 Without order in the public realm the world we live in would be a very unorganized environment. When it comes to order within the public realm we have to thank planning, zoning, transects, and urbanism theories, because these strategies shape our environment as to what it is today. Authors such as Leon Krier, Emily Talen, Cliff Ellis, and Douglas Kelbaugh are theorist who haveRead MoreCosts and Benefits of Humans and Space Technologies, Exploration and Innovation1618 Words   |  7 PagesStates has explored space since as early as 1946 with various space technologies (Van Allen). Space technology has enabled the U.S. to explore the universe and discover much beyond planet Earth. Although we have made many successful launches to space several times, there are trade-offs assumed from utilizing space technology that was beneficial and quite costly. It is in our best interest that we continue to enhance our space technologies and continue our presence in outer space to uphold our leadershipRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article Why Hominids And Space Go Together Essay1474 Words   |  6 Pages Manned spaceflight is a crucial argument in society. Two writers, Seth Shostak and John Logsdon, both believe that America is making a mistake by ending manned space exp loration. Seth Shostak is the author of the article â€Å"Why Hominids and Space Go Together† in The New York Times Room for Debate; his article is about how President Obama’s new vision for the NASA program is not a good plan. John Logsdon also wrote an article for The New York Times Room for Debate called â€Å"American Patrimony.† His article

How to Differentiate between Amalgam Alloy and Dental Amalgam Essay Sample free essay sample

I. Aims:A. To distinguish between amalgam metal and dental amalgam.B. To larn the use of dental amalgam.C. To explicate the trituration and scene procedures. II. Materials:Amalgam metal. quicksilver. proportioner. howitzer and stamp. squash fabric. rubber dike. category I prepared pits. amalgam bearer. cotton plyer. amalgam promoter. Carver. burnisher. III. General consideration: Amalgam is a metal metal the constituents of which are preponderantly silver ( Ag ) . and Sn ( Sn ) . other constituents are Cu ( Cu ) . and Zn ( Zn ) . Dental amalgam is made by blending equal parts ( by weight ) of powdered metal metal with the liquid quicksilver ( Hg ) . The blending procedure of the metal with the liquid quicksilver is called trituration. Amalgam is one of dentistry’s chief curative agents for reconstructing faulty dentitions. It is a really old but it is still a widely used renewing stuff. The oldest written record of the usage of amalgam in dental medicine is a complication in 1528. We will write a custom essay sample on How to Differentiate between Amalgam Alloy and Dental Amalgam Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Amalgam is fictile at temperature of the organic structure for a few minute and so hardens. During indurating small alteration in volume in occurs. Properly condensed amalgam exhibit compressive strength every bit high as some dramatis personae chainss. The amalgam can defy the caustic oral cavity environment. and are bland to the host. The combination of all these belongingss makes amalgam the most universally used renewing stuff. The revised specifications for dental amalgam took efficaciously on June 1970. The major difference in the presence specifications is the inclusion of a diametral tensile trial and the accommodation in puting alteration in flow demands. due to alterations in trial process. Whereas in the yesteryear. manus trituration and condensation are utilized. the alteration includes mechanical commixture with an amalgamator and condensation. As a consequence the specification bounds for puting alterations during indurating have been increased and now let either a little contraction or little enlargement Fillings. pellets. and ellipsoid atoms with or without reenforcing constituents are permitted by the specification. Pressing the metal in a pharmaceutical pill machine makes the pellets. The advantages of the pellets are convenience and truth in proportioning the metal and quicksilver as the pellets are produce by atomisation procedure in which the molten metal is sprayed into an inert atmosphere ensuing in droplets that solidified as spheroidal shaped atoms of many sizes. the metal must be used with low quicksilver content. Functions of constituents of amalgam. Ag causes puting enlargement and increase strength and corrosion and opposition. Sn causes puting contraction and decreases strength corrosion opposition. Cu map much the same as Ag. If Zn content is greater than 0. 01 % . it is called non-zinc amalgam. Zinc reduces oxidization of the other metals. IV. Procedures1. With the ratio of one ( 1 ) amalgam pellet is the 1 ( 1 ) bead if Hg. Using a howitzer and stamp. powderize the amalgam pellet foremost. And so triturate the powdered amalgam pellet 1 bead of Hg. until it exhibits the glistening surface that does non cleaving to the side of the howitzer. and so coheres into a mass when the howitzer is jarred. 2. Transfer the mass to a gum elastic dam sheet. axial rotation into a cylinder or hang-up against your thenar. 3. Then reassign mass into a squeezing fabric. Contorting out extra Hg quicksilver prior to condensation. 4. Using an amalgam bearer. convey mass into the pit and condense or stopper good increment by increase into the pit. Fill pit with a 1mm surplus. Using an egg shaped burnisher. somewhat burnish the sides of your amalgam to ab initio accommodate the Restorations to the borders of your pit readying. 5. Carve the Restoration every bit shortly as it offers a small opposition to the carving instruments. 6. Polish 24-48 hours after condensation utilizing dull bur or mounted rock purnice and H2O with a coppice and eventually zinc oxide and H2O with a gum elastic cup V. Results and Observations VI. Questions1. Explain the importance of following the alloy/mercury ratio specified by the maker. 2. What are the aims of the trituration process? 3. Why should trituration be continued by working it for a few seconds in the gum elastic dam sheet? 4. What is the intent of the squeezing fabric? 5. Explain why you should avoid over trituration or under trituration of amalgam. 6. Why should condensation be than within 3 1/2 proceedingss? Why is at that place a lessening in the strength in this status? 7. Why should amalgam be condensed into the prepared pit in little increase? 8. Explain why taint with wet of amalgam should be avoided? 9. Explain the importance of smoothing the Restoration 24-48 hours after condensation. 10. Explain the consequence of delayed or secondary enlargement of the Restoration.

Parenting styles roles in children’s behavior an Example of the Topic All Posts by

Parenting styles roles in children’s behavior Parents and children have their own roles to play in nature's life cycle. Parenting is a complex activity that works on molding child behavior in child rearing to try to influence child development and discipline in widely favorable child outcomes. Parenting styles contributes to a child's well-being in issues of academic performance, psychosocial development, reinforcing self confidence and attitude towards life challenges. Parenting is nature's strategy to maintain unity within the family radiating its effect to the society or community where it belongs. Need essay sample on "Parenting styles roles in childrens behavior" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Parents do have their own social skills and temperaments that either approve or critically reject a child's favorable or unfavorable attitude and peer socialization preferences. Therapists are beginning to acknowledge the importance of understanding young people's experience on parenting to perceive parent-adolescent communication quality and how they feel towards their parents. The relationship indicates, as a product of witnessing, what young people think and feel about family life. Furthermore, this provides clearer evaluation of the quality of parent-child relationship, family expressiveness, family environment and child rearing behavior. Children's feelings and evaluations of parenting are scarce and do not indicate openness on preferred parenting style in their different stages of growth. This paper aims to review the relationship among parenting practices and adolescence values and school achievement. This serves to research on the reasons associated with the consequence of the decline of parental involvement in adolescence. This paper argues on laxity of parenting styles on adolescence and claims that this is the stage where parental guidance and strict discipline are needed to guide young people in their decision making processes and support in identification of life priorities. Every parent develops and assumes his ideal parenting style based from what he had witnessed on his childhood and what he had observed to be effective in his current social environment. At first stage level of age 1 - 4 years, authoritarian parenting style is deem appropriate. Parents are highly demanding, directive, and never responsive always expecting their orders to be obeyed without explanations. Clearly stated rules and restrictions provide the foundation of a well structured family directive. The child at this stage learns obedience and slowly acknowledges authority. The child relies on what his parents tells him to do and is progressively experimenting on some forms of behavior. Most of the time the parents automatically refrains the child from doing any behavior that is not acceptable. The parents become the first teachers of the child. Everything that a parent teaches or restricts is being retained in the child's memory which affects his behavior in the next stage. The dimension of psychological control places high demands on their child's psychological and emotional development. The parents' low level of sensitivity does not encourage children to object nor disagree with decisions and house rules. The second state level of age 5 13 years, authoritative parenting style is seen to be appropriate. It is at this stage that authoritative parents direct children in a rational, issue-oriented manner never missing to explain the reason behind implemented house rules. The children's individuality was recognized and they were encouraged to justify actions whether good or bad, practical or not, to develop a kind of verbal exchange as a start to developing an open communication relationship. At this stage the child learns to know the difference between appropriate and inappropriate behavior. Parents encourage the child's self-reliance by allowing children to learn from their mistakes and to proceed independently when fairing well. They tend to support just to show or set an example when the task is difficult. They also set a distance to observe and evaluate results when children are succeeding on their own to promote independence and self confidence. Individuals vary in preconceived meanings attached to their behavior. The perception of a behavior's definition were completely assume from the consistency of discipline through reinforcement of positive behaviors by clapping hands or simply praising the child when they succeed on something relevant to learning. Parents love their children regardless of their parenting style. Their context of love revolves around discipline, formation of individual moral and social values, and maintaining the balance between showing love and setting limits. Parents and caregivers showed instrumental competence in their child's outcomes. Specific parenting behavior of spanking or yelling when a child becomes hyperactive results to the child becoming socially impatient as a consequence to adaptation of the enforced rule. This is seen to be effective if combined with the strategy of positive reinforcers. A child shall know his faults and the intensity of the negative behavior based from the kind of reward or punishment he receives. Positive reinforcers display the construct of parenting style as an attempt to control and socialize their children. This early stage aims to influence, teach, and control their children in their formative years. Authoritative parents set limits are firm but filled with kindness, warmth, and love. They enforced discipline moderately and rely on natural consequences for children to learn from making future mistakes. At the third stage age 13-18 years, the applicable parenting style is the combination of authoritative and permissive parenting style. The best adjusted children comes from parents of moderate parenting styles where parents shows clear balance on emotional responsiveness and respect for their child's autonomy. This allows the child to display freedom of expression towards acceptance of parental judgments so he may develop some sense of independence. Parents make moderate demands where children learn to control impulses as they develop their maturity and sense of responsibility. Adolescence take their cues from their parents when it comes to dealing with emotions especially depression. Parents' attitude on emotions shapes the way children handle their own feelings. Emotions may not be easy but is oftentimes predictable. To best nurture a child's emotional development means valuing and sharing the feelings of his experiences to enable him to view emotion as a natural part of life. In this process the child learns how to handle his emotions well. The parent may coach the kid how to verbally label emotions, emphatically validating the child's feelings, and setting limits while helping the child strategically handle attitude and flexibility. The parenting style combination allows the child to make their own choices but with close parental guidance and monitoring to make sure they follow rules and expectations. The child in return feels safe, loved, and acceptance. The child tends to conquer difficulties in life using his own inner strength. Seeing the world as safe and friendly, he is not afraid to try and fail life's challenges but finds satisfaction in personal achievement and contributions. Close analysis of the different stages of parenting style shows that higher academic achievement is seen with lower parental authoritarianism (Lam et al 1998). The democratic style creates more cooperation and teaches responsibility while enriching relationships and parent-child bonding or intimacy. Reinforcers may be a good form of motivation for the child to excel or manage his task on his own but has to be set in limits and selected levels of accomplishment or success. Otherwise the child may learn to expect corresponding reward system for every good deed done which may promote discrimination of favors done solely out of initiative and kindness taking nothing in return. This might affect pricing volunteer work functions assessments or suddenly affecting parenting style as nonworking because of poor retribution. The essence of the parenting styles is slowly influencing the child to the appropriate behavior and values as a result of integration of religion, beliefs, the benefits of parents learned behavior and experiences, social and environmental factors. It is a kind of picking up approved attitude and behavior from an array of selection. The child's adaptation to these values is often based on the kind of parenting style and supplemental education and information he learned from his parents. The consequences of an overly strict authoritarian parenting style extending until adolescence may result to an unhappy childhood and submissive attitude of children that may not know how to handle peer pressure. There is a very big tendency for the child to be silent but rebellious and not expressing his ideas and how he feels to his parents. These are the young people that may become substance abusers to defray depressive mood and frustrations. The combination of an authoritative and permissive parenting style is just perfect for young people. It will necessarily set limits and house rules for control but still exerts freedom for them to choose and perform adequate decision making. There is not much laxity in monitoring and control of the child's activities in school and of his peers. The child will develop deep respect for the decision of the parents and tend to perform what the parents favors out of love and because he understands the consequences of his actions and the rationale of the control and the imposed discipline. Young people experiencing the combination parenting style are good leaders and shows high academic performance. They show more confidence in performing their task and are happy and comfortable with the idea of being a constant achiever. This is evident in the way they deal with their peers and how they make adjustments with the attitudes and behavior of their peers. Patience is an art and a thing that have been witnessed in childhood. Flexibility with any patterns of behavior and situation combined with patience is a perfect fit for a child whose family system comes from good communication and intimate relationships (Horbury & Neal 2001). Relationship with your peers determines the kind of relationship one has in his own family structure. Parenting is directly associated with relationships, character, and attitudes. The parenting style of the parents has a lot to do with what becomes of a child. Emotions, sharing responsibilities, strong communication, and high definition of moral values will always shaped up the child's person as a whole and it will relatively show in the way he deals with the world and life's challenges. References Horbury, D. & Neal, J. (2001). The effects of parenting styles and childhood attachmentspatterns on intimate relationships. Journal of Instructional Psychology 28(3), 178. Lam, W. (1998). Parenting styles and academic achievement: A cross-cultural study.Merrill-Palmer, 44(2), 157.